How to Get a Work Permit in the United States

Getting legal permission to work in the United States opens doors to countless opportunities. Whether you’re an international student, asylum seeker, or family member of a U.S. citizen, understanding the work permit process is essential for your future.

The U.S. work authorization system processed over 3.2 million Employment Authorization Document applications in 2025. Current immigration policies continue to evolve under the new administration.

This comprehensive guide walks you through every step of obtaining a work permit. You’ll learn about eligibility requirements, application procedures, costs, and expert tips to increase your approval chances.

A work permit in the United States is officially called an Employment Authorization Document or EAD. This document proves you have legal permission to work for any U.S. employer.

The Employment Authorization Document is a wallet-sized card issued by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. It contains your photo, name, and expiration date.

Key Terms You Should Know

Understanding immigration terminology helps you navigate the application process smoothly. Here are the most important terms related to work permits.

• Form I-765: The official application form for requesting employment authorization
• USCIS: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, the agency that processes work permit applications
• EAD: Employment Authorization Document, the physical work permit card
• Eligibility Category: The specific immigration status that makes you eligible for work authorization
• Biometrics: Fingerprints and photos collected by USCIS for background checks

Who Qualifies for a Work Permit

Not everyone in the United States can apply for a work permit. Your immigration status determines your eligibility.

The most common eligibility categories include asylum applicants, adjustment of status applicants, and certain visa holders. Each category has specific requirements and waiting periods.

Common Eligible Categories

• Asylum seekers with pending applications
• Refugees admitted to the United States
• Students on F-1 visas (OPT/CPT)
• Spouses of certain visa holders
• DACA recipients
• Temporary Protected Status holders

Work Permit Requirements and Eligibility Criteria

Meeting the eligibility requirements is the first step toward obtaining your work permit. The United States has specific criteria based on your immigration status.

Each eligibility category under Form I-765 has unique requirements. Understanding which category applies to you prevents application delays and denials.

Main Eligibility Categories Explained

USCIS designates specific category codes for different types of applicants. Your category code appears on your work permit and determines your application process.

Asylum-based applicants use category (c)(8), while adjustment of status applicants typically use category (c)(9). F-1 students applying for Optional Practical Training use category (c)(3).

Required Documents for Your Application

Gathering the correct documents before starting your application saves time. Missing documents are the most common reason for application delays.

Special Requirements by Category

Different eligibility categories require additional supporting evidence. Asylum applicants need proof of their pending asylum application.

Students on F-1 visas must provide Form I-20 from their school. Spouses of visa holders need copies of their spouse’s immigration documents and marriage certificate.

Complete Step-by-Step Application Process

Following the correct application process ensures your work permit application gets processed smoothly. Each step requires attention to detail and proper timing.

The application process typically takes several months from start to finish. Understanding each phase helps you plan accordingly and avoid common pitfalls.

Step 1: Determine Your Eligibility Category

Identifying the correct eligibility category is crucial for your application success. Review the USCIS eligibility categories list carefully.

Check the official USCIS website or consult with an immigration attorney if you’re unsure about your category. Using the wrong category leads to automatic denial.

Step 2: Gather All Required Documents

Create a checklist of all documents needed for your specific eligibility category. Make clear photocopies of all original documents.

Keep originals in a safe place and never send originals to USCIS unless specifically requested. Organize documents in the order listed in the Form I-765 instructions.

Step 3: Complete Form I-765 Accurately

Form I-765 is the official application for employment authorization. You can file this form online through your USCIS account or submit a paper application by mail.

The online filing system allows you to track your application status easily. Paper applications may take longer to process than online submissions.

Step 4: Pay the Required Filing Fee

The filing fee for Form I-765 is $470 as of 2026. Some applicants qualify for fee waivers based on their immigration category.

Asylum applicants filing their first work permit are exempt from fees. Renewal applications and certain other categories require payment.

USCIS accepts payment through money order, personal check, or credit card for online applications. Make checks payable to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security.”

Step 5: Submit Your Complete Application

Online applicants submit documents electronically through their USCIS online account. Paper applicants must mail their complete package to the correct USCIS address.

The mailing address depends on your location and how you’re sending the application. Check the current USCIS filing addresses before mailing.

Step 6: Attend Your Biometrics Appointment

USCIS schedules biometrics appointments for most work permit applicants. You’ll receive a notice in the mail with your appointment date and location.

During this appointment, USCIS collects your fingerprints and takes your photo. The entire process usually takes less than 30 minutes.

Bring your appointment notice, government-issued ID, and immigration documents to your biometrics appointment. Arrive 15 minutes early to allow time for security screening.

Step 7: Wait for Your Decision and Receive Your EAD Card

After your biometrics appointment, USCIS processes your application and conducts background checks. Processing times vary by category and USCIS workload.

You can check your case status online using your receipt notice number. USCIS sends updates by text or email if you opt for electronic notifications.

Once approved, your Employment Authorization Document arrives by mail within 30 days. The card shows your work authorization period and photo.

Work Permit Processing Time and Costs Breakdown

Understanding processing times and costs helps you plan your work permit application effectively. These factors vary based on several circumstances.

USCIS processing times fluctuate throughout the year due to application volume and staffing levels. Current processing times are longer than historical averages.

Current Processing Times for 2026

The average processing time for Form I-765 ranges from 3 to 6 months. Some categories process faster while others take longer.

Initial asylum-based work permit applications typically take 4 to 6 months. Renewal applications often process within 3 to 5 months.

Complete Cost Analysis

The filing fee for Form I-765 is $470 for most applicants. This fee covers application processing and biometrics services.

Additional costs may include attorney fees, document translation, passport photos, and mailing expenses. Budget between $500 and $2,000 for the complete process.

Fee Waiver Eligibility

Certain applicants qualify for fee waivers based on their immigration category. Asylum seekers filing their first work permit application pay no fee.

DACA recipients and some other categories also qualify for fee exemptions. Check the USCIS fee schedule for your specific category.

Expedite Request Options

USCIS accepts expedite requests for work permit applications in urgent circumstances. Qualifying reasons include severe financial loss or emergency situations.

To request expedited processing, call the USCIS Contact Center after receiving your receipt notice. Provide evidence supporting your expedite request.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Applying

Avoiding common mistakes significantly improves your approval chances and prevents processing delays. Many applicants make preventable errors that cost time and money.

Understanding these frequent pitfalls helps you submit a complete and accurate application the first time. Small errors can lead to Request for Evidence notices or denials.

Mistake 1: Missing Application Deadlines

Work permit renewals must be filed before your current authorization expires. USCIS recommends filing renewal applications 120 to 180 days before expiration.

Late applications create gaps in work authorization. You cannot legally work without valid employment authorization even if your renewal is pending.

Set calendar reminders six months before your expiration date. Some applicants lose their jobs due to expired work permits caused by late filings.

Mistake 2: Submitting Incomplete Forms

Leaving required fields blank leads to automatic rejection. Read Form I-765 instructions carefully before completing each section.

Answer all applicable questions completely and truthfully. If a question doesn’t apply to you, write “N/A” rather than leaving it blank.

Mistake 3: Selecting Wrong Eligibility Category

Using an incorrect eligibility category code results in automatic denial. Each immigration status corresponds to a specific category code on Form I-765.

Review the USCIS eligibility categories worksheet before selecting your code. When in doubt, consult an immigration attorney to verify your correct category.

Mistake 4: Not Including Required Supporting Documents

Missing documents cause processing delays and Request for Evidence notices. Each eligibility category requires specific supporting documentation.

Create a checklist based on USCIS instructions for your category. Include copies of all required evidence with your initial application.

Mistake 5: Providing Incorrect or Outdated Address Information

USCIS sends all notices and your work permit card to your mailing address on file. An incorrect address means missing important documents.

Update your address immediately if you move during the application process. Use USCIS Form AR-11 or update online through your USCIS account.

Use a stable address where you can reliably receive mail for at least six months. Consider using a trusted friend or family member’s address if you move frequently.

Mistake 6: Submitting Poor Quality Photos

Photos must meet strict USCIS specifications regarding size, background, and quality. Rejected photos delay your application processing.

Use professional passport photo services that understand USCIS requirements. Photos must be recent, in color, with white or off-white background.

Mistake 7: Not Keeping Copies of Your Application

Always make complete copies of your entire application package before mailing. Keep copies for your records and future reference.

If USCIS loses your application, copies help you refile quickly. Document copies are also useful for future applications and immigration interviews.

Expert Tips to Improve Your Approval Chances

Maximizing your approval chances requires attention to detail and strategic preparation. Following expert recommendations significantly improves your application outcome.

Immigration attorneys and successful applicants share common strategies for strengthening work permit applications. These proven tips help you present the strongest case possible.

Tip 1: File Early and Allow Adequate Processing Time

Submit your application as early as regulations allow. Early filing provides buffer time if USCIS requests additional evidence.

For renewals, file 180 days before expiration when eligible. Early submission demonstrates proactive compliance with immigration requirements.

Tip 2: Double-Check All Information Before Submitting

Review your completed Form I-765 multiple times before submission. Ask a trusted friend or family member to proofread your application.

Verify that dates, addresses, and names are consistent across all documents. Inconsistencies trigger scrutiny and potential denials.

Tip 3: Provide Clear and Organized Documentation

Organize supporting documents in the order listed in USCIS instructions. Label each document clearly with tabs or cover sheets.

Include a cover letter explaining your eligibility and listing all enclosed documents. Clear organization helps USCIS officers process your application efficiently.

Tip 4: Maintain Your Immigration Status Throughout Processing

Continue complying with all requirements of your current immigration status while your work permit is pending. Status violations can lead to application denials.

F-1 students must maintain full-time enrollment. Asylum applicants should attend all immigration court hearings and check-ins.

Tip 5: Track Your Application Status Regularly

Monitor your case status online using your receipt notice number. Sign up for text and email notifications from USCIS.

Respond immediately to any USCIS requests for additional evidence or information. Quick responses keep your application moving forward.

Tip 6: Keep All Immigration Documents Current

Ensure your passport remains valid throughout the processing period. Update your address immediately if you move.

Maintain copies of all immigration-related correspondence and documents. Organized records support future applications and renewals.

Tip 7: Consider Professional Legal Assistance

Complex cases benefit from immigration attorney guidance. Attorneys ensure applications are complete and strategically presented.

Legal help is especially valuable if you have previous immigration violations, criminal history, or unusual circumstances. Initial consultations help you assess whether you need representation.

When to Seek Legal Help

• Previous application denials
• Complex immigration history
• Criminal record concerns
• Unusual eligibility situations
• Pending removal proceedings
• Urgent processing needs

Tip 8: Prepare for Biometrics Appointment in Advance

Review your biometrics appointment notice carefully. Bring all required identification and immigration documents.

Arrive early and dress professionally. Cooperative behavior during biometrics creates positive documentation in your file.

Latest Policy Updates and Changes for 2026

Immigration policies and procedures continue evolving under current administration priorities. Staying informed about changes helps you navigate the system effectively.

Recent policy shifts affect processing times, eligibility categories, and application procedures. Understanding these updates ensures your application complies with current requirements.

2026 Processing Time Changes

USCIS implemented new case processing priorities in early 2026. Certain categories receive expedited review while others face longer wait times.

Asylum-based work permit applications now process faster due to increased staffing. Student visa categories maintain standard processing timelines.

Fee Structure Updates

The Form I-765 filing fee increased to $470 in 2025 and remains current for 2026. USCIS reviews fee schedules annually and adjusts based on operational costs.

Some fee waiver categories expanded to include additional hardship circumstances. Check current USCIS guidance for fee waiver eligibility.

Online Filing System Improvements

USCIS enhanced its online filing platform with improved document upload features. Most applicants can now file Form I-765 entirely online.

The online system provides real-time application status updates and secure document submission. Digital filing typically processes faster than paper applications.

Automatic Work Permit Extensions

Certain categories qualify for automatic 180-day EAD extensions when filing timely renewals. This policy helps prevent work authorization gaps.

Eligible applicants receive automatic extensions while USCIS processes renewal applications. Check if your category qualifies for this benefit.

Anticipated Changes for Late 2026

Proposed regulations may affect work permit validity periods and renewal timing. USCIS considers extending EAD validity from one to two years for certain categories.

Legislative discussions continue regarding employment authorization for additional immigration categories. Monitor official USCIS announcements for confirmed changes.

Resources for Staying Updated

Visit the official USCIS website regularly for policy announcements and form updates. Subscribe to USCIS email notifications for immediate alerts about changes.

Reliable immigration law organizations publish analysis of policy changes and their practical implications. Following trusted sources helps you understand how changes affect your situation.

Frequently Asked Questions About Work Permits

Take Your Next Step Toward U.S. Work Authorization

Obtaining a work permit in the United States opens opportunities for building your career and future. The process requires careful preparation, accurate documentation, and patience throughout processing.

Understanding eligibility requirements, following the step-by-step application process, and avoiding common mistakes significantly improve your approval chances. Stay informed about policy changes and processing times to plan effectively.

Starting your work permit application early and seeking professional guidance when needed sets you up for success. Proper preparation today leads to employment authorization tomorrow.

Remember to file your application early, maintain your immigration status, and keep copies of all documents. Whether you’re applying for the first time or renewing your existing work permit, following these guidelines helps ensure a smooth process.